New Zealand’s climate is changing, and it’s critical that Kiwis stay informed of the changes in order to adapt to them. Despite the typical image of New Zealand being a temperate, balmy place all year round, the country is on the front lines of climate change, making it even more important to be aware of the signs and adjust accordingly. Here, we’ll outline the key facts about New Zealand’s shifting climate that every Kiwi should know.
The Facts
Average global temperatures are on the rise, and New Zealand is no exception. The average temperature in New Zealand has risen by 0.9°C since 1909 and is projected to increase by a further 2°C over the next 50 years. This means that the climate is changing in both summer and winter, with temperatures increasing and the number of hot days in the summer increasing.
The number of extremely hot days in New Zealand has been increasing since the 1970s, and it is projected to increase even further in the future. Not only are temperatures rising, but also the number and strength of storms and extreme weather events, as well as sea level rise.
The last few decades have already seen a change in New Zealand’s climate, and the changes in the near future will be even more profound. Climate change will have serious implications for New Zealand’s economy, environment, and people, so it is essential that the country takes measures to mitigate and prepare for the changes.
Risks of Climate Change for New Zealand
The risks of climate change to New Zealand that are of particular concern include:
- Increased water stress. New Zealand is already facing a water stress crisis due to low rainfall and growing demand. Climate change is likely to exacerbate the situation, as higher temperatures lead to higher water demand and higher evaporation.
- More extreme weather events. Climate change is also likely to bring more frequent and severe weather events, such as floods and droughts, and the potential for more extreme cyclones and other severe storms.
- Sea level rise. Over the next few decades, sea levels are projected to rise significantly around New Zealand, leading to increased coastal flooding and erosion and affecting infrastructure, fisheries, and recreation.
These changes in climate can also have serious implications for human health, as heatwaves and air pollution can create respiratory issues and other health-related conditions. Thus, it is important for New Zealanders to take measures to mitigate the risks and prepare for the changes that are likely to come.
Adaptation and Mitigation
The best way to respond to the changing climate is to take action to mitigate the causes of climate change and to adapt to the changes. Mitigation can be achieved by reducing emissions of greenhouse gases, conserving energy, and improving forestry and agricultural practices.
Adaptation, on the other hand, involves planning and taking proactive measures to prepare for and cope with the risks of climate change. This includes building resilience to natural disasters, preparing for water stress and extreme weather, and improving coastal planning and infrastructure.
There are a number of initiatives in place at both the government and community level to help New Zealand adapt to its changing climate. These include the National Climate Change Response Strategy, which outlines the country’s plan for adapting to climate change and meeting our international commitments, and local initiatives such as the Climate Ready Communities project, which focuses on helping communities understand and address the risks of climate change.
- Minimise energy consumption
- Replace non-renewable energy sources with renewable alternatives such as solar or wind power
- Reduce air pollution
- Improve infrastructure to cope with extreme weather events
- Mitigate water stress through conservation and water catchment
New Zealanders can also contribute to the effort to reduce emissions by taking simple steps in their everyday lives to reduce their carbon footprint. This can include:
- Using reusable bags when shopping
- Reducing meat consumption
- Using public transport or walking/cycling wherever possible
- Reducing waste and recycling what you can
- Replacing inefficient household appliances with energy-saving alternatives
In conclusion, it’s clear that New Zealand’s climate is changing, and that it’s up to all of us to understand the changes and take action to mitigate and adapt to them. By understanding the facts, recognising the risks, and taking proactive steps such as reducing emissions and making the home more energy efficient, Kiwis can ensure that New Zealand is a safe and resilient place to live.